James R. Kuipers. All the states require some form of "reclamation bonding" to ensure that mining operations are conducted responsibly and reduce their liability in the event mining companies fail to fulfill their responsibilities. Bonding levels may be inadequate or insufficiently enforced. Kuipers reviews bonding policies for one part of the US.
Robert Repetto. The adequacy of Canadian and US mining companies' disclosures of material environmental information were found to be deficient, especially in the disclosure to investors of known material environmental risks and liabilities.
Prepared with the National Policy Workgroup of the National Recycling Coalition. September 1999. Analysis identifies and quantifies a number of direct and indirect subsidies that put recycled materials at a disadvantage to virgin materials.
Published in Resource Recycling, November 1994. Detailed assessment of how federal subsidies to the Bonneville Power Administration reduce the price of primary aluminum and with it the incentive to recycle the metal. The article estimated that the resulting undervaluation of embedded energy savings in aluminum scrap comprised between 7 and 18 percent of the scrap price.